Tugas Softskill Bahasa Inggris 2

12210107

No. 7 (Gerunds)

A. Pengertian 

Gerund adalah kata benda yang dibentuk dari penambahan akhiran -ing pada kata kerja. 

Contoh : 

- buy  ---> buying

- read ---> reading

- teach---> teaching

- play  ---> playing

- learn ---> learning

B. Penggunaan

1. Subjek

    Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai subjek pada sebuah kalimat.

    Contoh :

    - Dancing is my hobby.

      (Menari adalah hobi saya.)

    - Playing football is my favorite sport.

      (Bermain sepak bola adalah olahraga favorit saya.)

2. Objek

    Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai objek dari kata kerja transitif dalam suatu kalimat.

    Contoh :

    - I like reading.

      (Saya suka membaca.)

    - They practice speaking English.

      (Mereka mempraktikan berbicara bahas Inggris.)

3. Objek Preposisi

    Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai objek yang hadir setelah preposisi.

    Contoh :

    - They are thinking of going home late.

      (Mereka memikirkan pulang termbat ke rumah.)

    - I am tired of waiting.

      (Saya lelah menunggu.)

4. Adjective

   Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai adjective atau kata sifat yang berfungsi menerangkan suatu kata      benda.

   - He doesn't have a driving licence.

     (Dia tidak memiliki surat izin mengemudi.)

   - She needs a walking stick.

     (Dia memerluakan tongkat untuk berjalan.)

5. Larangan pendek

    Gerund dapat digunakan dalam kalimat larangan pendek.

    Contoh :

    - No smoking.

      (Dilarang merokok.)

    - No fishing.

      (Dilarang memancing.)

C. SUSUNAN

    Kalimat yang menggunakan bentuk gerund memiliki beberapa variasi susunan, yaitu :

1. Verb + Gerund

    Pola :

S + V + Gerund

Contoh :

- They avoid discussing too much.

- She enjoys talking about the topic.

2. Adjective + Gerund

    Pola :

S + To Be + Adjective + Gerund

Contoh :

- We are busy finishing the school report.

- The book is worth reading.

3. Preposition + Gerund

    Pola :

S + V + Gerund + to + Gerund

Contoh :

- They prefer dancing to singing.

- He prefers playing badminton to football.

Pola

Preposition + Gerund + S + V

Contoh :

- Before watching TV, they have to finish their task.

- After reading the letter, he looked very sad.

4. Prepositional phrase + Gerund

Pola :

S + V + Preposition + Gerund

Contoh :

- They keep on discussing about the problem.

- She is thinking of sending a letter of complaint.

5. Object + Gerund

    Pola :

S + V + O + Gerund

Contoh :

- They don't mind you talking too much.

- She likes her telling the case.

6. Infinitive + Gerund

    Pola :

S + V-inf + Gerund

Contoh :

- They go fishing with their friends.

- He goes climbing the mountain.

D. Daftar Kata Yang Diikuti Gerund.

Tidak semua kata dapat diikuti dengan bentuk gerund. Ada kelompok kata yang diikuti bare infinitive dan ada pula kelompok kata yang diikuti to infinitive. Kelompok kata yang diikuti gerund dapat dilihat dalam daftar berikut :

Kelompok Kata yang Diikuti Gerund	Arti
admit	mengakui
appreciate	menghargai
avoid	menghindari
be accustomed to	terbiasa dengan
consider	menimbang
be used to	terbiasa dengan
can’t help	tidak dapat tahan untuk tidak
can’t stand	tidak dapat bertahan
complete	melengkapi
delay	menunda
deny	menolak
discuss	mendiskusikan
enjoy	menikmati
finish	menyelesaikan
hate	membenci
keep	terus
like	menyukai
look forward to	menanti
mention	menyebutkan
mind	berkeberatan
object to	berkeberatan dengan
postpone	menunda
practice	mempraktikan
quit	berhenti
regret	menyesal
risk	beresiko
suggest	menyarankan
understand	memahami

Tulisan Softskill Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

How Make To "PIZZA"

First of all you need the ingredients first before you make the pizza, the ingredients is:

·         1 1/2 cups warm water (105°F-115°F)

·         1 package (2 1/4 teaspoons) of active dry yeast (check the expiration date on the package)

·         3 1/2 cups bread flour (can use all-purpose but bread flour will give you a crisper crust)

·         2 Tablespoons olive oil

·         2 teaspoons salt

·         1 teaspoon sugar

·         Olive oil

·         Cornmeal (to slide the pizza onto the pizza stone)

·         Tomato sauce

·         Mozzarella or Parmesan cheese, shredded

·         Feta cheese

·         Mushrooms, thinly sliced

·         Bell peppers, stems and seeds removed, thinly sliced

·         Italian sausage, cooked ahead

·         Chopped fresh basil

·         Pesto

·         Pepperoni, thinly sliced

·         Onions, thinly sliced

·         Sliced ham

Special equipment needed

·         A pizza stone, highly recommended if you want your pizza dough to be crusty

·         A pizza peel or a flat baking sheet

·         A pizza wheel for cutting the pizza, not required, but easier to deal with than a knife

METHOD

Making the Pizza Dough

1 In the large bowl of a heavy duty electric mixer (such as a Kitchen Aid), add the warm water. Sprinkle on the yeast and let sit for 5 minutes until the yeast is dissolved. Stir to dissolve completely if needed at the end of 5 minutes.

2 Attach a mixing paddle to the mixer. Mix in the olive oil, flour, salt and sugar on low speed for about a minute. Remove the mixing paddle and replace with a dough hook. Knead using the mixer and dough hook, on low to medium speed, until the dough is smooth and elastic, about 10 minutes. If you don't have a mixer, you can mix and knead by hand. If the dough seems a little too wet, sprinkle on a bit more flour.

3 Place ball of dough in a bowl that has been coated lightly with olive oil. Turn the dough around in the bowl so that it gets coated with the oil. Cover with plastic wrap. Let sit in a warm place (75-85°F) until it doubles in size, about 1 to 1 1/2 hours (or several hours longer, a longer rise will improve the flavor). If you don't have a warm spot in the house you can heat the oven to 150 degrees, and then turn off the oven. Let the oven cool till it is just a little warm, then place the bowl of dough in this warmed oven to rise.

At this point, if you want to make ahead, you can freeze the dough in an airtight container for up to two weeks.

Preparing the Pizzas

1 Place a pizza stone on a rack in the lower third of your oven. Preheat the oven to 450°F for at least 30 minutes, preferably an hour.

2 Remove the plastic cover from the dough and punch the dough down so it deflates a bit. Divide the dough in half. Form two round balls of dough. Place each in its own bowl, cover with plastic and let sit for 10 minutes.

3 Prepare your desired toppings. Note that you are not going to want to load up each pizza with a lot of toppings as the crust will end up not crisp that way. About a third a cup each of tomato sauce and cheese would be sufficient for one pizza. One to two mushrooms thinly sliced will cover a pizza.

4 Working one ball of dough at a time, take one ball of dough and flatten it with your hands on a slightly floured work surface. Starting at the center and working outwards, use your fingertips to press the dough to 1/2-inch thick. Turn and stretch the dough until it will not stretch further. Let the dough relax 5 minutes and then continue to stretch it until it reaches the desired diameter - 10 to 12 inches. Use your palm to flatten the edge of the dough where it is thicker. You can pinch the very edges if you want to form a lip.

5 Brush the top of the dough with olive oil (to prevent it from getting soggy from the toppings). Use your finger tips to press down and make dents along the surface of the dough to prevent bubbling. Let rest another 5 minutes.

Repeat with the second ball of dough.

6 Lightly sprinkle your pizza peel (or flat baking sheet) with corn meal. Transfer one prepared flattened dough to the pizza peel. If the dough has lost its shape in the transfer, lightly shape it to the desired dimensions.

7 Spoon on the tomato sauce, sprinkle with cheese, and place your desired toppings on the pizza.

8 Sprinkle some cornmeal on the baking stone in the oven (watch your hands, the oven is hot!). Gently shake the peel to see if the dough will easily slide, if not, gently lift up the edges of the pizza and add a bit more cornmeal. Slide the pizza off of the peel and on to the baking stone in the oven. Bake pizza one at a time until the crust is browned and the cheese is golden, about 10-15 minutes. If you want, toward the end of the cooking time you can sprinkle on a little more cheese.